I creditor akakwazi ukufumana ilungelo intshukumo ngamnye
Ukufumana phandle ngakumbi ishishini Umthetho - abarhwebayo Umthetho - wokhuphiswano - european ishishini Umthetho - Firms kwi-ubunzima - Iziphumo wezorhwebo - intlawulo Ngemali kunye umniki - unikezelo Umthetho - mali kwiimarike Umthetho-matyala Umthetho - zasekuhlaleni Inkqubo - procedural Umthetho - Arbitration - unyanzeliso - ityala Imali - matyala Amaziko of administrative iingxoxo - administrative Izivumelwano - administrative Amaziko - wobulali Abasemagunyeni, yolawulo Umthetho, ipropati Esekelwe public-private wamazwe ngamazwe - ngamazwe kwezoqoqosho Umthetho - Ngamazwe Litigation - wamazwe ngamazwe - wonke Ngamazwe ubudlelwane phakathi - isixhosa Umthetho - i-american Umthetho - isitaliyane Umthetho - isijamani Umthetho - canadian Umthetho - Swiss Umthetho - Cameroonian umthetho Kamasipala senegalese Umthetho kwi-côte d'ivoire - OHADA Ikhonkco phakathi collective ize komthetho umhla emva roman umthethoKuba ixesha elide indima ukunyanzeliswa komthetho: egqiba ungquzulwano phakathi kwe-creditor kwaye debtor, kuba ixesha elide, bankruptcy umthetho, agciniwe ukuba traders, kuba debtor civilian, komthetho, debtor trader, umgaqo-nkqubo we bankruptcy. Kunye utshintsho ngumthetho, siza kolunye uluvo: collective nemigaqo-nkqubo zithe eyandisiweyo ngaphaya limited ummandla umthetho kwaye abarhwebayo umsebenzi we-traders, yandise bonke firms kwaye iphenjelelwe i-legislator kwi-sikhokelo somgaqo-ko-indebtedness ka-abantu. Omnye umbandela, ulwandiso kunokwenzeka kuphela yi-tshintsho lomgaqo-ngeenjongo zomthetho we collective iingxoxo, ubudala injongo: ukuba ahlawule i-creditor, kwaye namhlanje injongo na collective yeenkqubo yiyo ukuze anyange indebtedness ye-debtor kwaye uzame ukusombulula, uninzi rhoqo yi-umhleli wenqaku ye ityala. Neeyantlukwano ukwenza kubonakala a uphawu ka-ilungelo uphumezo. Collective umgaqo-nkqubo tends ukuba ufake yonke misela ka-creditors ukuya nengqeqesho ka-collective, baya kuba ubungqina kunye, isicwangciso, kude umthetho ka-ixabiso kugqatso. I-ukunyanzeliswa komthetho waba intended isicelo bonke abanamatyala, insolvency umthetho sele namhlanje enye injongo. Zimbini bankruptcy nemigaqo-nkqubo: abo osebenza iinkampani phantsi bankruptcy umthetho, osebenza abantu abo kuwa phantsi umthetho conso. Ukususela umthetho amabini anesithandathu julayi kukho inkundla nemigaqo-nkqubo okanye abachopheli: yogcino, isemthethweni redress kwaye liquidation-matyala. U-nkqubo: Ezi nemigaqo-nkqubo isicelo bonke abantu isebenzisa igunya elizimeleyo elinolwazi umsebenzi kwaye bonke yendalo kwaye isemthethweni abantu abucala umthetho. I-central umbutho kule nkqubo ingaba umbutho jikelele notion ka-cessation ka-neentlawulo: a debtor ngubani onako ayisasebenzi ukwenza sele ukuhlangabezana yangoku amatyala ukusuka ezikhoyo impahla yexabiso. Zokuqala ezimbini bakholisa ukufumana isicwangciso buyisela asethi liquidation tends ukuba liquidate impahla yexabiso kwaye yenza impahla yexabiso i-creditors.
Statistically phantse zonke liquidations kuza kukhokelela a nokungabikho impahla yexabiso, kule meko, umthetho iququzelela i izicwangciso amatyala.
Ezi iingxoxo ingaba vula i-debtor elungileyo ukholo, ayinako ukuba ahlawule zabo non-elinolwazi amatyala ngenxa kananjalo ziyabhatalwa, lento ayisasebenzi efanayo eyimali okanye efanayo amatyala.
Ezimbini engundoqo iindidi umgaqo-nkqubo: umgaqo-nkqubo phezu-indebtedness kwi-engqongqo evakalayo, kuba i-non-contentious uphawu, kuqhubeka phambi ikhomishini ka-ko-indebtedness.
Ezinye iintlobo collective iingxoxo ka-matyala indalo: umgaqo-nkqubo we personal imali, ivumela umgwebi ukuba imposiso yorhwebo lwangaphakathi i-erasure le amatyala ye-debtor, a debtor ke onikwe imvume yokulahlela. Kuba iinkampani kwi iingxaki Phambi ivula ka-collective iingxoxo, suspect ixesha lingamiselwa nge inkundla eza kukhokelela-aplikeshini ye nullity ye-suspect xesha, ukuvula ka-collective iingxoxo useka imigaqo kuba ukuphumeza Umgaqo: inkundla apho initiated i-collective iingxoxo unako kuba ubonile ukuba cessation ka-intlawulo yi-debtor wangaphambili existed phambi kwesihlalo kuvulwa inkundla kusenokuba traced emva kwixesha umhla cessation ka-neentlawulo. Suspect xesha kuya kuvumela ulawulo izenzo yenziwa yi-debtor kwi-cessation ka-lifike, uza kunceda eu inkundla annul izenzo i-debtor ngeli xesha. Eyodwa: shiya yona yomtshutshisi umgwebi, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba omnye umntu umthetho sele kokuba ulwazi cessation ka-intlawulo ngexesha umthetho kwenziwa. Kwimeko - Nullity ka-compulsory umthetho sele ibhekiswe kwibhunga precautionary amanyathelo athathwa yi - creditor ngexesha suspect ixesha, ngaphandle kokuba umthetho ka-seizure okanye ubhaliso provisional seizure wenziwe umhla wama-phambi umhla cessation ka-neentlawulo. Ukuba uqale inkqubo, conservatory, phambi cessation ka-intlawulo sibe kuqhubeka le nkqubo ngexesha suspect xesha. Kuba Nullity ye-eyodwa: kwaba ungeniswa yi-act, ye-izenzo apho eyiyo ukuphumeza amanyathelo, ingaba kubhekisa umbhalo na ukuba kweelwimi, isaziso wesithathu holder, kwaye yeqela eliphikisayo. isihlalo kuvulwa insolvency iingxoxo uya nqumamisa okanye prohibit zasekuhlaleni nemigaqo-nkqubo ka-uphumezo kwaye unikezelo nemigaqo-nkqubo ukuba awunayo unxulumaniso imini yokufunda. Jikelele unye ka-fixing i-debtor ke impahla yexabiso ukuvumela amacandelo karhulumente i-collective umgaqo-nkqubo ukwandisa impahla yexabiso ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-iinjongo ze-nkqubo al.
Oku umthetho usebenza kuwo onke amabango arising phambi kwesihlalo yokufunda, kodwa ukusukela umthetho wama- usebenza creditors ngeposi msinyane zabo amabango asingawo eluncedo kwi-nkqubo al.
Ngokulondolozayo, kuphela creditors abantliziyo amalungelo bazelwe emva isihlalo ivula nabantliziyo amabango ingaba kuluncedo, nokuzigcina ilungelo ukuziphatha ukunyanzeliswa iingxoxo kuba imali yabo ityala. La ngamazwi iingeniso ukuba ingaba impahla i-debtor, ex-seizure, kodwa eviction omzimba ngaphandle icebo. Yima ngexesha na collective iingxoxo, ukuze babe nokufumana differing iziphumo. Invalidity kwimeko apho imali okanye yogcino, emva eqhelekileyo: abazali isicwangciso kuvumela nokuqhubekeka ushishino, apho rhoqo ibandakanya a uhlenga-hlengiso ka-amatyala. Ke ngoko, creditors kuya kufuneka ukuba ukuthobela ezi deadlines, akavumeli kuba omtsha uphumezo nkqubo. Ukuba deadline hayi bathobela yi-debtor, kuphela commissioner ekwenzeni isicwangciso, usenokusebenzisa na ukunyanzeliswa umgaqo-nkqubo ngokuchasene debtor. Kwimeko liquidation, kukho closure ye-iingxoxo yi-ukuduka ye-eyimali, kaninzi le nkqubo kukhokelela a isihlalo ka-closure ngenxa akonelanga impahla yexabiso, isihlalo akusebenzi ukubuyiselwa kwi-creditors zabo ilungelo sue nganye. isihlalo misa yobhaliso ye-securities ngokuchasene debtor, kwi-siseko, ukususela isihlalo ivula na kunokwenzeka ukuba isibonelelo a ukhuseleko precaution.
Kulo mba ka-interim komlinganiselo, siza kuthatha a provisional yobhaliso apho uba zokugqibela msinyane i-creditor uzuza writ ka-uphumezo, final registration, retro, e-umhla provisional ubhaliso, ngoko ke ayisasebenzi kwalelwe ukuba senzo emva isihlalo yokufunda, oko nje sele ukuba abe ebhalisiweyo phambi kwesihlalo yokufunda.
I-kukho amacandelo karhulumente i-collective iingxoxo ukuhlawula ukuba caisse des dépôts et consignations, ingaba elusive. Xa debtor ngu-a isemthethweni umntu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo kuba igosa ibe ngokuqinisekileyo le isemthethweni umntu.
Enjalo inkokeli ubizwa ukuba ukufuna collective iingxoxo egameni inkampani.
Ukuba umlawuli kusenokuba sued njengokuba guarantor, uya kuba reluctant ukuba isicelo inkqubo yokufunda ka-iingxoxo al. Ukukhuthaza ezi iinkokeli ukubhengeza ngokukhawuleza kwazi bani, we-company, umthetho iye yalungiselela ukuba i-ulwandiso ka-suits ngokuchasene purchasers ka-collateral personal ngokuchasene debtor, umgaqo: ulwandiso isekho de u isihlalo apho adopts i imali isicwangciso, okanye yogcino, okanye kude kube isihlalo ka-liquidation. Amicable nemigaqo-nkqubo: uphumezo nemigaqo-nkqubo banelungelo kuba yamkelwa njengoko isigqibo ikhomishini ka-ko-indebtedness. Ubuyiselo nemigaqo-nkqubo ubuqu ngaphandle liquidation umgaqo-nkqubo ivuliwe xa debtor ke impahla engekho ngokwexabiso enokufumaneka ngalo. Le nkqubo vula, ngengcebiso yendibano ikhomishini ka-ko-indebtedness, ke ngoko kwi-siseko ukusuka admissibility isigqibo, unyanzeliso manyathelo ugxothiwe. Ivula isigqibo umgwebi, nto leyo yenza enforceable isigqibo ikhomishini, inkqubo kukhokelela i-erasure ka ityala ubuqu ukususela debtor, ngokunjalo yayo isiqinisekiso ukuzinikela. Imali yesiko kunye winding phezulu nge inkundla, kukho umgwebo ivula pronounced yi-inkundla kuqala isehlo, isihlalo uza kuzisa umgwebo uphumezo nemigaqo-nkqubo. Le nkqubo iya kukhokelela a isihlalo efanayo isihlalo ka-closure kuba inadequacy ka-yexabiso, kunye effacement yijaji yenkundla yonke into azinako recovered, (eks: njani ukwenza iphepha yima okanye isishwankathelo qaphela). Kule ndawo kuluncedo ukuba abafundi, kodwa kanjalo iingcali kwi-mthetho, a lawyer okanye lawyer.
