Isivumelwano ka-mboleko

Inkundla ka-Isibheno ka-Grenoble linelungelo yabo isicelo

Uyakwazi share kulwazi lwakho nge-ekuphuculeni ngayo (ngayo.) ngokunxulumene izindululo ehambelana iiprojekthi

Imali-mboleko,"convention ngokubanzi - apho imali-mboleko ye-sebenzisa kwaye imali-mboleko ye-lwamanzi kukho isibini ke ngoko - ubunyulu apho lender iya kuwanikezela into kwi-borrower, ukuze kuya kusetyenziswa, ngokulawulwa restitution".

Zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi, ayo inqaku, distinguishes i-neenqwelo sebenzisa kwaye imali-mboleko ye-lwamanzi (hayi kuba ubhideke kunye consumer-mboleko ukuba sikuvumela ukuboleka a isixa imali ukuze isetyenziselwa exclusively kuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi). I-neenqwelo sebenzisa, ukuba ingafunyanwa kwi icandelo ka-zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi, ivumela ukusetyenziswa into ngaphandle intshabalalo emva koko kwaye borrower kuya kufuneka ukuba babuyele into loaned. Imali-mboleko ye-lwamanzi, esekwe inqaku ka-zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi, umahluko, ezijolise enye into leyo iza kutshatyalaliswa (kanjalo ekubhekiswe kuye njengoko 'expendable').

A yokubhala kuya kufuneka, ekhatshwe ukunikezelwa i-mali

Kwi-zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi, imali-mboleko yi free inkonzo ukuba ngokwenene kuyafana na elula iinkonzo umhlobo, ngaphandle kwimeko-mboleko ye-lwamanzi (ukusukela ukuba oku kungumsebenzi kwi ipropati-expendable, oku kuya kuba expensive ixesha elininzi). Kunjalo, zonke iimali-mboleko lwamanzi akunjalo, njengoko expensive. Theoretically, imali-mboleko isivumelwano yi unilateral isivumelwano: lender zifumaneka simahla, unokugqiba ukuba postpone into okanye hayi. Ngokunxulumene Duraton, 'ezi zimbini izivumelwano kuba oku ngokufanayo ukuba, ukongeza imvume efunekayo kuzo zonke izivumelwano, surrender a nto kuyimfuneko kuba zabo bukho'. Kanjalo i-'appelle-t-ngomhla we-kuba oku ukuthelekisa izivumelwano, kwimfundiso. Kodwa inxalenye imfundiso disputes oku ukuthelekisa izivumelwano kwaye ubona oko njengokuba consensual isivumelwano ka-indenture. Sathi kanjalo zithetha intlawulo, xa ngamnye ufumana inzuzo ngokuchasene yayo nokuzinikela. Esi sahluko ngu enxulumene isihlalo Wokuqala Zasekuhlaleni Kwegumbi ye-Cour de cassation, amashumi amabini anesibhozo ka matshi. Kule meko, imibulelo-mboleko wanika nge elinolwazi, oyedwa sele acquired ifama izixhobo. Imali-mboleko isivumelwano ngaphandle kokuba lender kufuneka kuhlawulwa ngqo kwi-nomthengisi bafanele ukubonisa isixa-mali-mboleko emva xa ebe ezifanelekileyo ngokuthi yena ummiselo womgaqo-izixhobo kwaye ukuba borrower kokuba kuthathelwe ngaphandle a life insurance. I-borrower sele uzalisekisiwe zonke iimeko kuyimfuneko kuba ngokumnika imali-mboleko, kwaye, balaseleyo, ukuthenga i-inshorensi yobomi, kodwa wafa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva. Nomthengisi bafanele ukubonisa ithumela ukuba lender ukunikezelwa lo myalezo.

I-ziindlalifa zobukumkani ye-borrower yenza i-elinolwazi, ukuba linikezele credit, intlawulo imali-mboleko.

I-elinolwazi lender uya ke ifomu isibheno kwaye alleges ukuba isihlalo Wenkundla ka-Isibheno igcine ukuba imali-mboleko isivumelwano lisekwe, ngoko ke nokungabikho kweenkonzo imali, yokugqibela ngenxa yayo real uphawu, akazange bamisela. I-supreme Inkundla kufuneka mpendulo zilandelayo umbuzo: imali-mboleko ye isixa imali, ezibonelelwe ngu-a elinolwazi ye-credit ngu-ngu real indalo, okanye consensual.

Kwinkundla ephakamileyo dismissed i-isibheno emhlabeni ukuba imali-mboleko lenziwa nge elinolwazi ye-credit ayiyo real zengqesho.

Yena wenza apha wokuphucula iimeko zezimali kuthelekiswa yayo ngokomgaqo-meko-mthetho apho yena thathwa ukuba imali-mboleko ye-lwamanzi, isivumelwano, kwaye real, inako kuphela kwenzeka yi-kweenkonzo into lent ukuba borrower ngokwayo okanye umntu wesithathu ukuba ufumana kuba i-akhawunti ye-borrower.

Wokuqala inflection eli-siseko sele ezichaphazelekayo ethile uhlobo imali-mboleko:"yemali-mboleko yakho yakwa governed nge amanqaku L- kwaye ilandelayo ye-consumer ikhowudi akanalo uhlobo a real isivumelwano".

Kwaye isihlalo commented, umgaqo kwakhona deflected ukuba izivumelwano-mboleko imali bangena nge-credit iingcali. Njengoko nawuphi na okulungileyo isemthethweni uphuhliso, kukho iimfuno imali neemeko fomu ukuze ukwazi bafanele isivumelwano ka-mboleko zengqesho. Malunga nemali-mboleko sebenzisa, kuyimfuneko ukuba ipropati (banako kuba izakhiwo okanye ifenitshala) ingaba non-consumable kwaye bafunyanwa kwi-trade. Olu hlobo lwe-mboleko akusebenzi kufuna ukuba ipropati kuba ipropati le lender. Malunga imali-mboleko ye lwamanzi, oku kufuna ixesha consumable impahla (izinto securities njengoko lokwenyani kwipropati apho disparaitraient ukususela kuqala ukusebenzisa izakuba hardly kunokwenzeka). Isicwangciso izivumelwano translatifs ipropati kuya kuba oko kuyasebenza apha. Nemvumelwano uya kubonelelwa, ingakumbi malunga a kunokwenzeka kwesigqibo ukuba inzala kwi umdlalo. Imali-mboleko ye-sebenzisa ngu-a real zengqesho Kwimeko izinto ezonakeleyo yokusebenza, umonakalo othe kwaye kuza kufuneka inzala kunokwenzeka. Imali-mboleko consumer inje consensual (kuya kuba ondilisekileyo ukuba kunzima ndabona phakathi trader kwaye credit i-consumer). Ingxelo ka-ubungqina nemvumelwano ka-mboleko akusebenzi ziyahluka kolu amaxesha amaninzi imithetho ubungqina ukuze alawule umthetho izivumelwano. Kuphela kunokwenzeka okukodwa ingaba impossibility ka-mnqophiso. Ke luxanduva omnye abo avails ngokwakhe le ilungele ukuba anike ubungqina, ingakumbi enxulumene i-bukho i obligation yi-elokugqibela ye-isivumelwano kwaye umgangatho we-borrower kuba omnye ngubani ngokwenene borrowed. I-neenqwelo sebenzisa ubani particularity ukuba umgangatho yayo ukumiselwa oko kuyinto unilateral isivumelwano (oku umlinganiselo kuphela ngomhla borrower).

Nangona kunjalo, lender ayiyo debtor i obligation ukuba borrower, ukuhanjiswa into ayiyo i-obligation.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho abathile iimeko apho lender zibe debtor i obligation ukuba borrower, umzekelo, ngexesha isenzo aukubuyisela umonakalo othe intlungu kuba ukusilela umzekelo-icatshulwe kwi nto. Theoretically, kukho akukho izibophelelo ukuba lender kwi-zengqesho. Kodwa imithetho enxulumene yayo eyimali zinokwenziwa Oku kunjalo, umzekelo, xa kwenzakala ngu intlungu ngomoya omnye abo isebenzisa nto, ngoko ke ukuba lender acted ngendlela engalunganga ukholo. Qaphela ukuba iziqinisekiso ngokuchasene ezifihliweyo defects kuba ngezantsi chances ukuba kusetyenziswa kuzo entsimini ka-neenqwelo sebenzisa, ngexesha abolekisa kuba lwamanzi, nokuzinikela ka-al uxanduva iya ngxi kuba kunokwenzeka.